Which molecule is capable of self-reproduction?

DNA is the molecule capable of self-reproduction due to its unique structure and function in biological systems. It is composed of two strands that form a double helix, and during the process of replication, these strands unwind and serve as templates for the synthesis of new complementary strands. This replication process ensures that genetic information is accurately passed on to daughter cells during cell division.

In addition to its role in genetic inheritance, DNA contains the instructions for building proteins, which are essential for various functions within living organisms. While RNA can also play a role in self-replication, particularly in certain viruses, it does not possess the same stable structure or capacity for long-term information storage and inheritance as DNA. Proteins and enzymes, on the other hand, do not have the ability to self-replicate; they are synthesized through the translation of mRNA, which is itself transcribed from DNA.