Which chemical agents are commonly used for high-level disinfection (HLD)?

The use of glutaraldehyde, ortho-phthalaldehyde, and hydrogen peroxide as chemical agents for high-level disinfection (HLD) is well-supported within the healthcare industry, particularly for the reprocessing of flexible endoscopes.

Glutaraldehyde is a widely recognized high-level disinfectant that has been used for many years in healthcare settings. It is effective against a broad spectrum of microorganisms, including bacteria, viruses, fungi, and some spores, making it suitable for instruments that require high-level disinfection.

Ortho-phthalaldehyde (OPA) is another agent that has gained popularity as an alternative to glutaraldehyde, particularly because it has a shorter required contact time for effective disinfection and is less irritating to the skin and respiratory system.

Hydrogen peroxide, particularly in its higher concentrations, can be used for HLD and is recognized for its ability to kill microorganisms through the production of free radicals that damage their cellular components.

In summary, these chemical agents are chosen for their efficacy in achieving high-level disinfection, which is crucial for ensuring the safety and proper functionality of flexible endoscopes after they have come into contact with patients.